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Australian Civic Heraldry SOUTH AUSTRALIA Origin/meaning : The arms were granted in 1984, replacing arms granted in 1936 (image below). The arms show the State's bird, the piping shrike. The bird was already used unofficially before 1936 as well, see below). .The grassy mound and the symbols thereon represents the agriculture, industry and mining in the State. The crest shows four flowers of the State flower, the Sturts desert pea. The arms of 1936. The arms also used a female figure holding a conucopia and a sheaf of barley, as well as a farmer holding a pair of shears and a fleece of wool as supporters. The crest showed a staff with a banner with the five stars of the Southern Cross and a lion. The motto was 'Faith and Courage.' The arms as shown on an UK cigarette card from 1910. The arms as shown on an Australian cigarette card from 1910. The arms as shown on an German trade card from the 1930s. Literature : Bruce, J.L. : Flags and emblems of Australia. Kangaroo Press, Kenthurst, 1996.

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